CBD oil is derived from hemp plants that have high levels of cannabidiol (CBD) and low levels of THC.

CBD is a naturally occuring component of the hemp plant. It is a non-intoxicating phytocannabinoid that offers a range of whole-body uses. CBD is just one of 150 phytocannabinoids and other phytochemicals found in hemp.

At Madisonville CBD, our CBD oils always have less than 0.3% THC. CBD content of CBD oil can vary tremendously across different vendors due to the varying quality of hemp that’s used, as well as varying preparation and extraction techniques. Madisonville CBD produces some of the market’s finest quality CBD oil, extracted from healthy, CBD-rich hemp plants grown right here in the USA.

About the ECS

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a group of neuromodulatory lipids and their receptors, which are widely distributed in mammalian tissues. ECS regulates various cardiovascular, nervous, and immune system functions inside cells. 

LAB REPORTS

• The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a group of neuromodulatory lipids and their receptors, which are widely distributed in mammalian tissues. ECS regulates various cardiovascular, nervous, and immune system functions inside cells.
• The ECS modulates almost every other system within the body:  like the Endocrine, the Circulatory, the Immune, the Skeletal, the Muscular, the Sympathetic and Para Sympathetic and more.
•  For instance, the CB1 and CB2 receptors are assumed to play an important role inside the endocannabinoid system. These receptors are abundantly expressed in the brain and fatty tissue of the human body.
• Phytocannabinoids are physiologically produced in plant cell substructures called trichomes in the form of resin. From a biochemical point of view, all subclasses of phytocannabinoids originate from cannabigerol-type (CBG) molecules,
• Endogenous cannabinoids, or endocannabinoids, are capable of binding to CB receptors; they are lipid-like structures  Endocannabinoids are obtained from arachidonic acid, a common precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, which are key regulators of inflammatory processes. 

• THC, or tetrahydrocannabinol, is the chemical responsible for most of marijuana’s psychological effects. It acts much like the cannabinoid chemicals made naturally by the body, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA).
• Cannabinoid receptors are concentrated in certain areas of the brain associated with thinking, memory, pleasure, coordination and time perception. THC attaches to these receptors and activates them and affects a person’s memory, pleasure, movements, thinking, concentration, coordination, and sensory and time perception, according to NIDA.
• THC is one of many compounds found in the resin secreted by glands of the marijuana plant. More of these glands are found around the reproductive organs of the plant than on any other area of the plant. Other compounds unique to marijuana, called cannabinoids, are present in this resin. One cannabinoid, CBD is nonpsychoactive, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, and actually blocks the high associated with THC. 
• THC can induce hallucinations, change thinking and cause delusions. On average, the effects last about two hours, and kick in 10 to 30 minutes after ingestion. Psychomotor impairment may continue after the perceived high has stopped, however. 
• “In some cases, reported side effects of THC include elation, anxiety, tachycardia, short-term memory recall issues, sedation, relaxation, pain-relief and many more,” said A.J. Fabrizio, a marijuana chemistry expert at Terra Tech Corp, a California agricultural company focused on local farming and medical cannabis. However, he said, a study in the British Journal of Pharmacology found that other types of cannabinoids, as well as terpenes (compounds that produce flavor and fragrance in plants), can modulate and reduce negative effects.

• Genetically, industrial hemp belongs to Cannabis sativa, but botanists debate whether it is a single species (Cannabis sativa L.) with several subspecies or one of three species along with C. indica Lam. and C. ruderalis Janisch. Some botanists divide the genus Cannabis into C. sativa (the fiber/grain one), C. indica L. (the drug type) and C. ruderalis Janisch (intermediate, or wild, type). However, people crossbred the three species to obtain hybrids with desirable characteristics, leading some botanists to propose that all the subtypes belong to C. sativa, which could be divided into different subspecies or chemotypes (chemically distinct entities in a plant).
• Industrial hemp is a temperate region crop; it grows best in more northern latitudes from the 42nd to 45th parallel. It grows well in the Pacific Northwest.
• Industrial hemp is an annual cross-pollinating plant with rapid growth and development that results in significant biomass accumulation. Registered varieties of industrial hemp vary significantly in height and size. Two historical uses of industrial hemp are fiber and food. Industrial hemp seed oil, extracted from the grain, is valued as healthy table oil, and it has many applications in cosmetics, nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Cannabis topicals pass through the skin to interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system. They do not, however, make it through the blood-brain barrier. This means that topicals don’t transfer through your blood, therefore they won’t make it to your urine, either. Even topicals with THC will not have the ability to cause a failed drug test.

* The one caution/exception to the topical rule is transdermal patches. These work similarly to nicotine patches, and send the THC/CBD past the skin barrier where it can reach your bloodstream and your brain so you also experience the psychoactive effects. This option may result in a failed drug test if the THC patch option is used.

CBD naturally occurs in the hemp plant as Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA). CBDA is relatively biologically inactive due to the presence of a carboxyl group (COOH), or acid, composed of a carbon atom bonded to an oxygen atom and a hydroxyl group. Decarboxylation is a heat-catalyzed chemical reaction that decomposes CBDA into CBD, by releasing the carbon dioxide. This conversion process increases the bioavailability of CBD. Decarboxylation is an essential aspect of the CBD extractions process, wherein exposure to moderate temperatures for an extended period of time activates the therapeutic benefits of CBD for optimal uptake by receptors in the body’s endocannabinoid system, without degrading terpenes and other beneficial compounds.

• CBD Softgels are convenient, easy, tasteless, with no after taste. However something going through digestion could affect the P450 enzyme activity within the liver of someone on multiple pharmaceuticals.  In that event we suggest the advice of a doctor to ensure that CBD concurrently taken with drugs would not be of concern.
• CBD oils are most widely used for Inflammation and Pain, Arthritis, Depression, MS, ALS, Seizures, Chron’s, IBS, Immune deficiency, and Anxiety.
• There are mainly two types of CBD oils – one is Isolate and the other type is Full Spectrum.  Both will benefit the Endo Cannabinoid System.
• The CBD Isolate is separated from all other beneficial molecules or cannabinoids found in the plant. Isolate is very pure at ninety-nine percent plus.  Therefore the term Isolate. Isolate can be very helpful, however, it will not produce the “Entourage Effect” within the body.  (The Entourage Effect is a synergistic effect of terpenes and cannabinoids that can amplify the beneficial effects of each compound without concern for THC content). 
• Full Spectrum does include all of the molecules or phyto-cannabinoids from the plant.  Approximately 150 molecules work synergistically to create the “Entourage Effect” within the body.  Full Spectrum CBD oil offers  numerous beneficial benefits.  
• It must be said that each persons body is different.  One dose of one-half of a CBD oil dropper may be quite enough for one person and not quite enough for another with more serious needs, i.e. cancer, aids, brain injury, post surgery, epileptic seizures, kidney, liver issues, diabetes, etc.  
• Isolate CBD is produced in all categories such as Gummies , Oils, Softgels, Vape Pens, Topicals, Edibles, and even Beverage Enhancers.
• Full Spectrum CBD is likewise made in many categories of products.
• The hemp seed (fixed) oil does not contain cannabinoids or terpenes. It contains fatty acids like other edible vegetable oils. The composition of hemp seed oil is comparable to other edible oils. It has a high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which is considered good for human health. However, the high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids makes it sensitive to oxidation rancidity. The degradation of hemp seed oil is accelerated by light, heat or bacteria, making hemp seed oil excellent table oil for salad dressing but unsuitable for frying or baking.

There are a variety of ways to extract CBD from hemp. Manufacturers may use solvents to extract cannabinoids, but this is not considered the best method because there may be harmful residue in the final product. CO2 extraction is considered the safest, most effective extraction method. It uses recyclable carbon dioxide, heated and pressurized to act as a solvent, to strip the cannabinoids from the plant matter. Unlike other solvents, CO2 is perfectly safe for human consumption, and therefore it cannot lead to contaminants in the final product. Extraction usually involves taking multiple cannabinoids from the plant. Some brands will then filter the extract until only cannabidiol remains, creating a CBD isolate.

CO2 extraction is already a standard extraction method for the food, dry cleaning and herbal supplement industries. It is a common food additive as well.
In fact, CO2 is used: to produce carbonated soft drinks, for the removal of caffeine from coffee beans for decaffeinated coffee, as an environmentally friendly solvent for dry cleaning, and as an extraction solvent when producing essential oils. The use of Supercritical CO2 as a solvent is also common in the herbal supplement industry when pesticides and metals are removed from agricultural crops without adulterating the desired constituents from the plant matter.
The CO2 extraction process allows compounds to be extracted with little damage and low toxicity; it utilizes a high-pressure vessel containing cannabis, which then has Supercritical CO2 inserted into the vessel, and pumped through a filter where it is separated from the plant matter once the pressure is released.

Finally, the supercritical CO2 evaporates and is dissolved into the cannabinoids.

Why CO2 extraction –

• CO2 extraction is environmentally responsible. It is non-toxic, non-flammable, renewable and abundant.
• CO2 extraction yields 100% pure plant extract, free of residual solvents (because we don’t use solvents)
• Our extraction process does not require winterization (ethanol is used in winterization)
• CO2 extraction results in the highest yield and efficiency
• More cannabinoids
• Oil that is rich in terpenes

The Result – higher value to the farmer and a better product for the customer. 

What’s the difference?

Hemp seed oil is extracted solely from the seeds of the Cannabis sativa plant while CBD hemp oil is extracted from the plant’s flowers, stalk, stems and leaves. While hemp seed oil contains valuable nutrients and antioxidants, such as omega-3 and omega-6 acids and vitamins E, B2 and B6, cannabidiol quantities are rarely detectable. CBD hemp oil, however, contains high concentrations of cannabidiol as well as additional phytocannabinoids and terpenes. 

The terms Hemp oil and Hemp extract are both sometimes used in place of the term CBD hemp oil. To ensure that you are purchasing a product that is actually high in CBD, look for third party test results for the product. 

Test results for Madisonville CBD products can be found in the QR Code on our products. 

What is Delta 8?

Delta-8 is found in trace amounts in cannabis and hemp plants, and as hemp is legal to grow anywhere in the US and more readily available, the cannabinoid is often sourced from that. 

Commonly, CBD is extracted from hemp and refined into an isolate, and then CBD isolate is synthesized into delta-8. As such, delta-8 requires more processing and is more expensive to make than CBD, but this increased production cost is balanced out by the high demand for it.

THC’s scientific name is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, or delta-9 THC, or just delta-9. Delta-8 is short for delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol, or delta-8 THC. Delta-8 THC can cause effects similar to regular delta-9 THC—but they will be much less potent. 

Delta-8 and delta-9 are both forms of THC. In common usage, when people refer to THC they are talking about delta-9 THC.

It can be extracted from either hemp or cannabis. Because of the 2018 farm bill, hemp can be legally grown and used for extractions all over the United States, making delta-8 legal in states where delta-9 THC is illegal—sometimes. 

Nearly all delta-8 THC on the market today is manufactured from hemp-derived CBD, which makes it, in theory at least, part of a federally legal chain of origin. 

People in states where THC is illegal crave cannabis products and are now looking to delta-8 because it may be legal in their state, even though it is less potent than regular THC. Many hemp-based extractors are ramping up delta-8 production to meet this new demand and shipping it all over the US.

What’s the difference?

Delta-8, like delta-9 (regular THC), binds to the body’s endocannabinoid system, which causes you to feel high. Chemically, delta-8 and delta-9 are similar in that they both have a double bond in their structures. This double bond is thought to produce the intoxicating effects that make you feel high. 

The two THCs are chemically different in the placement of the double bond. Both cannabinoids have a chain of carbon atoms, but delta-8 has the double bond on the eighth carbon, whereas delta-9 has it on the ninth. 

Delta-8 binds to the endocannabinoid system in a slightly different fashion because of the location of its double bond. This is what is thought to make delta-8 much less potent than regular THC. However, more research needs to be done on delta-8 and how it interacts with the body.

Effects of Delta 8 THC?

Delta-8 consumers report many of the same effects as THC, such as mild euphoria, happiness, uplifting feelings, and relief from some symptoms such as pain, although the compound is much less potent. Delta-8 can also help with insomnia.

Side effects may be similar to those of THC, including dry mouth, red eyes, getting the munchies, short-term memory, paranoia, or anxiety. It’s important to note that delta-8 hasn’t been studied extensively and more research is needed on the effects it has on the mind and body.

How is delta-8 made?

Delta-8 is found in trace amounts in cannabis and hemp plants, also hemp is legal to grow anywhere in the US. and more readily available, the cannabinoid is often sourced from hemp. 

Typically CBD is extracted from hemp and refined into an isolate, and then CBD isolate is synthesized into delta-8. Delta-8 requires more processing and is more expensive to make than CBD, however, there is a high demand for it.

Due to US federal regulations, we ship Delta 8 products to all US states except: We do not ship to these states.

We will ship delta-8 to all states except these:

• Alaska 
• Arizona 
• Arkansas 
• California 
• Colorado 
• Delaware 
• Idaho 
• Iowa 
• Mississippi 
• Montana 
• Nevada 
• New York (New York state has explicitly outlawed delta-8)
• Rhode Island 
• Utah
• Vermont (all D8 banned)

We do not ship Delta 8 to these states.

THCA stands for tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and it is the precursor to THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). When cannabis is growing it makes cannabinoids as carboxylic acids that most often convert into non-acidic compounds through a process called decarboxylation. Almost all cannabinoids start off in their acidic form which have differing structures and effects than that of their non-acidic versions.

THCA, although abundant in fresh cannabis, is unstable under controlled storage conditions and when exposed to light and/or heat it readily decarboxylates into THC. In fact, one THCA study found that “THCA decarboxylates even when stored between 4 and 18ºC (39-64ºF) so THC contamination in THCA is nearly unavoidable.” This THC contamination even among pure extracts is what makes lab results based only on THCA so difficult to determine.

WHAT DOES THCA DO?

THCA is considered non-psychoactive meaning you do not experience a “high” when imbibing it. This is due to the fact that THCA does not bind to CB1 receptors, the receptors that have a high binding affinity for THC.

In fact, THCA research has shown that THCA does not seem to bind much to either of the two major cannabinoid receptors.

We can, however, verify that extracts that are predominantly made up of THCA have been known to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. THCA has also been shown to reduce nausea and vomiting.

HOW TO TAKE THCA

When smoking cannabis you are decarboxylating it converting the THCA into regular THC. This means that in order to absorb THCA you’ll either need to find a freshly made extract of it or you can ingest raw cannabis. There are several concentrates meant for dabbing that are advertised as being high in THCA but these will convert over time into THC depending on how much light and room temperature heat it is exposed to.

Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)

“The Coffee Cannabinoid” A rare minor cannabinoid found in hemp. THCV reports show potential to improve physical performance while providing uplifting stimulatory effects. Users report feeling increased energy, focus, and improved mood.

*THCV does not test positive for THC on drug screenings/tests.

*THCV is known to suppress appetite and by default help with weight loss.

*THCV is not psychoactive- no high associated at all.

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